The legal system of nations akin to England (not scotland, they’ve a civil legislation system), Australia and USA. The usual of assessment and degree of deference given by an appellate tribunal to the decision of the lower tribunal beneath review (issues of law are reviewed de novo, that’s, “as if new” from scratch by the appellate tribunal, whereas most problems with fairness are reviewed for “abuse of discretion”, that is, with great deference to the tribunal under).
The proof of the opposite, which you might have adduced, is incontrovertible; to wit, that the common law existed whereas the Anglo-Saxons have been but Pagans, at a time when they had never yet heard the name of Christ pronounced, or knew that such a personality had ever existed.
And many other usually English-talking nations or Commonwealth international locations (besides the UK’s Scotland , which is bijuridicial , and Malta ). Basically, every country that was colonised at a while by England, Nice Britain, or the United Kingdom uses widespread regulation besides people who had been formerly colonised by different nations, comparable to Quebec (which follows the legislation of France partly), South Africa and Sri Lanka (which comply with Roman Dutch regulation ), the place the prior civil legislation system was retained to respect the civil rights of the native colonists.
Such codes distinguish between different classes of law: substantive legislation establishes which acts are subject to criminal or civil prosecution, procedural legislation establishes the right way to decide whether a particular motion constitutes a felony act, and penal law establishes the appropriate penalty.